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Photovoltaic standards

"One cannot learn anything so well as by experiencing it oneself."
(Albert Einstein)

Office Building with PV facade Office Building with PV facade Municipal housing with PV facade Stadion with PV roof

Public buildings offer wide range possibilities for photovoltaic system integration
(source/copyright: Solar Fabrik).

IEC Technical Committee TC82 was established in 1981. It is the most important international body regarding photovoltaic related standardisation. The main tasks of TC82 are to prepare international standards for systems of photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and for all the elements in the entire photovoltaic energy system. TC82 has several working groups - each group is responsible for specific standardisation related topic (glossary, non concentrating modules, BOS, PV energy storage systems and concentrator modules). For further information about TC82 please visit IEC website.

ASTM Committee E44 on Solar, Geothermal and Other Alternative Energy Sources is composed of subcommittees that address specific segments within the general subject area covered by the technical committee. For PV topics E44.09 Photovoltaic Electric Power Conversion Subcommitte is responsible. For further information about ASTM E44 please visit ASTM website.

 

Terminology

This category include standards referring to basic terminology of solar electric systems.

IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV).

ISO 80000-7, Quantities and units - Part 7: Light.

ISO 9488, Solar energy - Vocabulary.

IEC/TS 61836 Ed.2, Solar photovoltaic energy systems - Terms, definitions and symbols.

ASTM E772-05, Standard Terminology Relating to Solar Energy Conversion.


Solar radiation

In this category standards referring to solar radiation measurement process, measurement instrument calibration and the like can be found.

ISO 9845-1, Solar energy - Reference solar spectral irradiance at the ground at different receiving conditions, Part 1: Direct normal and hemispherical solar irradiance for air mass 1.5.

ISO 9846, Solar energy - Calibration of a pyranometer using a pyrheliometer.

ISO 9847, Solar energy - Calibration of field pyranometers by comparison to a reference pyranometer.

ISO 9059, Solar energy - Calibration of field pyrheliometers by comparison to a reference pyrheliometer.

ISO 9060, Solar energy - Specification and classification of instruments for measuring hemispherical solar and direct solar radiation.

ISO/TR 9901, Solar energy - Field pyranometers - Recommended practice for use.

IEC 61725, Analytical expression for daily solar profiles

ASTM E490, Standard Solar Constant and Zero Air Mass Solar Spectral Irradiance Tables.

ASTM G173, Standard Tables for Reference Solar Spectral Irradiances: Direct Normal and Hemispherical on 37° Tilted Surface.

www Webmaster's choice RReDC: Standard Solar Spectra
www Webmaster's choice World Radiation Center: The World Radiometric Reference (WRR)


Standards referring to solar cells and modules

Standards from this category regulate solar cells (modules) characteristic measurement, solar cells (modules) tests and other standards referring to solar cells (modules) production and testing - production procedure, mechanic or electric photovoltaic module testing, I-U module characteristics measurement etc.

EN 50380, Datasheet and nameplate information of photovoltaic module.

IEC 60891, Procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices

IEC 60904-1, Photovoltaic devices. Part 1: Measurement of photovoltaic current-voltage characteristics

IEC 60904-2, Photovoltaic devices. Part 2: Requirements for reference solar cells

IEC 60904-2/A1, Photovoltaic devices. Part 2: Requirements for reference solar cells, Amendment 1

www PV Measurements - Reference Cells

IEC 60904-3, Photovoltaic devices. Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data

IEC 60904-5, Photovoltaic devices - Part 5: Determination of the equivalent cell temperature (ECT) of photovoltaic (PV) devices by the open-circuit voltage method

IEC 60904-6, Photovoltaic devices - Part 6: Requirements for reference solar modules

IEC 60904-6/A1, Photovoltaic devices - Part 6: Requirements for reference solar modules, Amendment 1

IEC 60904-7, Photovoltaic devices - Part 7: Computation of spectral mismatch error introduced in the testing of a photovoltaic device

IEC 60904-8, Photovoltaic devices - Part 8: Measurement of spectral response of a photovoltaic (PV) device

IEC 60904-10, Photovoltaic devices - Part 10: Methods of linearity measurement

IEC 61277, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems - General and guide

IEC/PAS 62011, Specifications for the use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification

IEC 61215, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - Design qualification and type approval

IEC 61345, UV test for photovoltaic (PV) modules

IEC 61646, Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - Design qualification and type approval

IEC 61701, Salt mist corrosion testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules

IEC 61721, Susceptibility of a photovoltaic (PV) module to accidental impact damage (resistance to impact test)

JRC-ISPRA 503, Qualification Test Procedures for Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules

IEC 61829, Crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) array - On-site measurement of I-V characteristics

IEEE 929, Recommended practice for utility interface of residential and intermediate PV systems

IEEE 1262, Recommended practice for qualification of PV modules

IEEE 1513, Recommended practice for qualification of concentrator photovoltaic modules

Standards for photovoltaic systems

In this category various standards regulating modes of photovoltaic system functioning supervision or standards advising planning and implementation of such systems can be found. The category includes safety regulations, which have to be considered upon photovoltaic systems implementation.

IEC 60364-7-712, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-712: Requirements for special installations or locations - Solar photovoltaic (PV) power supply systems.

IEC 61194, Characteristic parameters of stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems

IEC 61702, Rating of direct coupled photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems

IEC 61724, Photovoltaic system performance monitoring - Guidelines for measurement, data exchange and analysis

IEC 61727, Photovoltaic (PV) systems - Characteristics of the utility interface

IEC 61683, Photovoltaic systems - Power conditioners - Procedure for measuring efficiency

IEC/TR2 61836, Solar photovoltaic energy systems - Terms and symbols

IEC 62124, Photovoltaic Stand-Alone Systems – Design Qualification and Type Approval.

IEEE 928, Recommended criteria for terrestrial PV power systems

IEEE 1373, Recommended practice for field test methods and procedures for grid-connected PV systems

IEEE 1374, Guide for terrestrial PV power system safety

Standards for other parts/components of photovoltaic systems

The standards within this category refer to batteries, over-voltage protection components and other system components not included in the categories mentioned above.

IEC 61173, Overvoltage protection for photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems - Guide

IEC 61683, Photovoltaic systems - Power conditioners - Procedure for measuring efficiency

IEC 61427, Secondary cells and batteries for solar photovoltaic energy systems - General requirements and methods of test

IEEE 937, Recommended practice for installation and maintenance of lead-acid batteries for PV systems

IEEE 1144, Sizing of industrial nickel-cadmium batteries for PV systems

IEEE 1145, Recommended practise for instalation and maintanance of nickel-cadmium batteries for PV systems

IEEE 1361, Recommended practice for determining performance characteristics and suitability of batteries in PV systems

ASTM standards

 

ASTM E 927, Standard Specification for Solar Simulation for Terrestrial Photovoltaic Testing.

ASTM E 948, Standard Test Method for Electrical Performance of Photovoltaic Cells Using Reference Cells Under Simulated Sunlight.

ASTM E 973, Standard Test Method for Determination of the Spectral Mismatch Parameter Between a Photovoltaic Device and a Photovoltaic Reference Cell.

ASTM E 973M, Standard Test Method for Determination of the Spectral Mismatch Parameter Between a Photovoltaic Device and a Photovoltaic Reference Cell.

ASTM E 1021, Test Methods for Measuring Spectral Response of Photovoltaic Cells.

ASTM E 1036, Standard Test Methods for Electrical Performance of Nonconcentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules and Arrays Using Reference Cells.

ASTM E 1036M, Standard Test Methods for Electrical Performance of Nonconcentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules and Arrays Using Reference Cells.

ASTM E 1038, Standard Test Method for Determining Resistance of Photovoltaic Modules to Hail by Impact with Propelled Ice Balls.

ASTM E 1040, Standard Specification for Physical Characteristics of Nonconcentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Reference Cells.

ASTM E 1125, Standard Test Method for Calibration of Primary Non-Concentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Reference Cells Using a Tabular Spectrum.

ASTM E 1143, Standard Test Method for Determining the Linearity of a Photovoltaic Device Parameter with Respect To a Test Parameter.

ASTM E 1171, Standard Test Method for Photovoltaic Modules in Cyclic Temperature and Humidity Environments.

ASTM E 1328, Standard Terminology Relating to Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion.

ASTM E 1362, Standard Test Method for Calibration of Non-Concentrator Photovoltaic Secondary Reference Cells.

ASTM E 1462, Standard Test Methods for Insulation Integrity and Ground Path Continuity of Photovoltaic Modules.

ASTM E 1596, Test Methods for Solar Radiation Weathering of Photovoltaic Modules.

ASTM E 1597, Standard Test Method for Saltwater Pressure Immersion and Temperature Testing of Photovoltaic Modules for Marine Environments.

ASTM E 1799, Standard Practice for Visual Inspections of Photovoltaic Modules.

ASTM E 1802, Standard Test Methods for Wet Insulation Integrity Testing of Photovoltaic Modules.

ASTM E 1830, Standard Test Methods for Determining Mechanical Integrity of Photovoltaic Modules.

ASTM E 2047, Standard Test Method for Wet Insulation Integrity Testing of Photovoltaic Arrays.

ASTM E 2236, Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Electrical Performance and Spectral Response of Nonconcentrator Multijunction Photovoltaic Cells and Modules.

UL standards

 

UL 1703, Standard for Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels.

UL 1741, Standard for Inverters, Converters, and Controllers for Use in Independent Power Systems.

International Standardization - Technical Committes

 

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Photovoltaic module testing

 

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Photovoltaic products quality assurance

 

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More information

www International Organisation for Standardisation - ISO
www International Electrotechnical Commision - IEC
www Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers - IEEE
www Deutsches Institut für Normung - DIN
www European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation - CENELEC
www American Society for testing and Materials - ASTM
www Underwriter Laboratories Inc. - UL Standards